Clinical Teaching Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Clinical Teaching Strategies - Assignment Example The clinical personnel even has to think about the set technique that the employee needs to follow if there should be an occurrence of a crisis and they should be educated about the mechanical prerequisites related with their position. 2. So as to seek after the situation of nursing clinical staff an officeholder should be an authorized enlisted attendant of the state in which they are rehearsing and they even need to have a base two years of rehearsing experience as a clinical (Duke School of Nursing, 2011). Other than a permit to rehearse the officeholder ought to at the base have a Bachelors’ of Science in nursing which is multi year long program and is basic as it helps understudies in getting ready for a vocation in the field of nursing and even help them in increasing further training in a similar field. Higher inclination is given by nursing instructive establishments to those officeholders who have achieved Masters’ of Science in

Contract Law Problem Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Agreement Law Problem Question - Essay Example As indicated by Beatson and Anson, contract law is characterized as the part of law that guarantees lawful official of the guarantee between two gatherings and causes them to satisfy it. While French Civil Code characterizes contract law as show and understanding in which one gathering or a few gatherings tie themselves to fill a particular need or to control from a few. In this way, all things considered what contract law follow is that there lie an obligation on the two gatherings in an agreement to execute their commitments. A definitive assessment of both the meanings of English Law and French Law affirms some fundamental highlights of the legally binding relationship and that is the exhibition of the agreement. Authoritative execution is sole rule of agreement law which must be kept and satisfied at any expense. This rule of agreement law is the foundation of the entire legally binding relationship2. For the most part the agreement law is characterized as an understanding that m akes commitment enforceable by law. This commitment depends on the shared acknowledgment, thought, legitimateness and ability to perform. In this procedure of similarity, satisfaction and official, there may emerge number of issues if in the event that agreement isn't actualized appropriately or on the off chance that one gathering rejects to perform as per the commitments. A huge number of agreements are settled upon and marked on the planet consistently and the majority of them are not acted in their full embodiment as per the terms3. While huge numbers of them are settled by dealings and conversations yet there comes cases under which threats are not that simple to determine penetrate of agreement casually. In such manner law gives healing measures to give equity to troubled gathering. These cures help distressed gathering to either recoup execution dependent on the agreement or guarantee arrangement of some pay for the harm brought about by the break of agreement. Some potential cures eminent for penetrate of

Eating Disorders and Hypothalamic Amenorrhea

Eating Disorders and Hypothalamic Amenorrhea Eating Disorders Symptoms Print Eating Disorders and Hypothalamic Amenorrhea By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Anita Sadaty, MD on June 22, 2019 facebook linkedin Anita Sadaty, MD, is a board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist at North Shore University Hospital and founder of Redefining Health Medical. Learn about our Medical Review Board Anita Sadaty, MD Updated on February 13, 2020 Emilija Manevska/ Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Hypothalamic Amenorrhea? Contributing Factors Prevalence Medical Consequences Treatment View All Back To Top Hypothalamic Amenorrhea is a commonly occurring medical condition in women of childbearing age with eating disorders. The body enters survival mode, periods stop, and women will not be able to reproduce. Learn more about what causes it, the consequences, and how it is treated. What Is Hypothalamic Amenorrhea? When an eating disorder is present, the most common cause of missing a period is hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA). The hypothalamus is an area of the brain that plays a central role in maintaining the balance of body systems. It receives input from throughout the body in the form of hormones and chemicals; it responds by secreting hormones that affect other organs including those involved in reproduction. When the hypothalamus receives a signal that something in the body is off-kilter and needs addressing, it rebalances the body by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. Sometimes, when things go wrong in the body, the hypothalamus can’t restore balance; such is the case with hypothalamic amenorrhea. An energy deficit occurs when a person eats too little compared with the energy they expend. A chronic energy deficit causes body mechanisms to conserve fuel for critical body processes. Less vital body functions are put on hold. This includes reproduction, which can actually be hazardous to survivalâ€"when energy is insufficient, energy and metabolic functions suppress the release of ovarian hormones by the hypothalamus.   A diagnosis of HA is only made after other causes of amenorrhea are ruled out. However, in the case of an eating disorder, HA is a likely cause, even when weight is not extremely low. Contributing Factors The contributing factors to hypothalamic amenorrhea include energy imbalance, food restriction, weight loss, exercise, stress, and genetics. Each person expresses these factors differently, and each factor contributes in varying degrees to the development of HA. Let’s look at each in turn. Energy Balance According to Nicola Rinaldiâ€"a biologist who both experienced and ran an online forum for women who had HAâ€"and colleagues, “In the vast majority of cases, the primary driver is an energy deficit from undereating and overexercising regardless of body size.” Our bodies need fuel in order to function optimally.   Food Restriction Restricting the range of food eaten can contribute to the development of HA. Low-fat diets are a common culprit â€" our bodies need fat to function optimally. Weight Loss Low weight and body fat percentage, as well as a history of prior weight loss, can be contributing factors. It is important to point out that some women lose their period at higher weights than others. Each person’s body appears to have a different weight at which it will function optimallyâ€"it is reasonable to believe that as with anything else in the natural world, people’s bodies naturally come in different sizes and shapes. Having lost a significant amount of weight (10 pounds or more)â€"even years in the pastâ€"increases the risk for HA.   A common misconception is that one needs to be extremely emaciated to lose one’s period. This has been shown to be untrue: in a study of 286 women with HA, the body mass index (BMI) at which they lost their period ranged from 15 to 25, with a median of 19.   Exercise Exercise contributes to HA by burning energy and leaving less available for body functions and also by increasing stress hormones including cortisol.     Stress Chronic stress can lead to increased production of cortisol. High levels of cortisol also appear to stop the hypothalamus from releasing reproductive hormones.   Genetics There is genetic variability in the various factors that determine the sensitivity of our reproductive systems to energy deficits and stress. This explains why some people can continue to menstruate at relatively low weights, while others will lose their period at a much higher weight.   Why Do Some People Get Eating Disorders? Prevalence It is estimated that HA affects approximately 1.62 million women between the ages of 18 and 44 in the United States and 17.4 million women worldwide.   The presence of secondary amenorrhea (defined as the cessation of regular menses for three months or the cessation of irregular menses for six months) used to be a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa but was removed in the latest update of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). While the prevalence of amenorrhea is high among adolescent and premenopausal women with anorexia, it has been removed as a criterion for multiple reasons. First, the predisposition to hormone dysregulation is variableâ€"some women with very low weights continue to menstruate. Second, this criterion is simply not useful across the broader spectrum of those susceptible to anorexia, including men and females who are premenarchal, post-menopausal, or taking birth control pills.   Medical Consequences HA results in estrogen deficiency and the cessation of the menstrual cycle in young premenopausal women. This, in turn, has significant effects on the body’s cardiac, skeletal, psychological, and reproductive system. These effects can mimic menopause and all the physical and psychological changes that it works on the body. Short term consequences of amenorrhea include low estrogen and the accompanying hair thinning or loss, brittle nails, skin problems, low libido, and vagina dryness. One difficulty is that many women with HA, due to lack of bothersome symptoms, often feel quite well. Thus, they may be reticent to seek treatment. Longer-term consequences include higher cardiovascular disease risk and threatened bone health. Low estrogen suppresses bone production, which can lead to bone loss, osteopenia (loss of bone calcium), and increased risk of fractures. Amenorrhea can cause bone loss in as little as six months. HA is also implicated in increasing depression and anxiety. HA can cause an absence of ovulation and infertility during a woman’s peak reproductive years.   Treatment The goal of treatment for HA is to reestablish a regular ovulatory menstrual cycle. Appropriate weight gain appears to be the most important predictor of menstrual resumption. Typically, all the contributing factors must be addressed: energy imbalance, food variety, excessive exercise, low weight, and stress.   Birth Control Pills Are Not Recommended Many women with HA who present to a medical provider are prescribed birth control pills. This is unfortunate. While this is an estrogen replacement that will provide a fake bleed, it does not solve the underlying problem or help the resumption of normal natural hormone activity. The underlying HA still needs to be addressed and birth control pills may only mask the problem.   Furthermore, if you are already on birth control pills, be aware that the artificial period you get from birth control pills does not provide an accurate indicator of your health. You won’t be able to tell whether you’d menstruate on your own and whether HA is an issue for you until you go off them. “If you’re getting your period only because you are on birth control pills, it doesn’t count,” (Rinaldi, 2019, p. 12). Studies have shown that birth control pills do not help prevent further bone loss. Therefore, birth control pills should not be used as a treatment for HA.   What to Do It should go without saying that if your HA accompanies an eating disorder, you should be getting help from a professional. Working with a therapist, dietitian, and medical doctor experienced with eating disorders can help you recover from HA. Eating disorder treatment will likely include the goals of eating more, exercising less, and learning to manage stress better. If you believe you are recovered from your eating disorder, but your period has not yet resumed, you are encouraged to follow the recommendations below. Some women may think they are recovered, but still have more work to do in terms of increasing weight or food flexibility.   Eat More Recovery requires eating enoughâ€"not only to adequately fuel current energy needs but to also to make up for the history of under-fueling. For most women with HA, recovery requires eating at least 2500 kcal per day. Eating a greater variety of foods, from all macronutrient groups including fats and starches, seems to stimulate more hormone production. Full-fat dairy is particularly good for stimulating ovulation.   You may not want to gain weight, thinking that you already feel healthy. However, if you are not menstruating due to HA, your body disagrees with you. Try gaining 5 pounds and see what happens. You may be pleasantly surprised to see your cycles resume. Although healthy body weights vary greatly, most women with HA need to obtain a BMI of 22 to 23 or even higher to resume menses. Exercise Less Recovery is also facilitated by eliminating intense exercise. Faster recovery is associated with cutting exercise entirely. Slower recovery is achieved when exercise is reduced in intensity or duration or both. Running seems to be the exercise that makes it hardest to regain natural menstrual cycles.   Excessive Exercise: Could It Be a Symptom of an Eating Disorder? Stress Management Research shows that reducing stress can help with recovering from HA. However, you might be managing your anxiety in ways that can contribute to HAâ€"strenuous exercise or restrictive eating to deal with body image. Learning other coping skills such as relaxation, mindfulness, distress tolerance, and sedentary joyful activities can help complete the recovery puzzle.   How Long Will It Take? The length of time it takes to resume regular menses varies based on factors such as rate of weight gain, exercise level, stress level, age, and genetics. One study found no correlation between the length of time a period had been missing and the length of time to recovery.   One survey of women with HA tracked how long it took for women to regain their cycle after making lifestyle changes and found that success rates increased over time: After three months: 24 percentAfter four months: 34 percentAfter six months: 57 percent A Word From Verywell If you’ve lost your period, you may think there’s no reason to be concerned with your health. However, the absence of regular cycles is not normal. You are encouraged to see a medical professional and ask about the possibility of a diagnosis of hypothalamic amenorrhea. You can reduce irreversible damage to your bones by seeking help and following the lifestyle change suggestions above. If you are on birth control pills and don’t know if you’d still menstruate without them, you are encouraged to speak to your treatment providers about whether you are truly at a healthy weight.   Eating Disorders Can Prevent You From Getting Your Period

Future Forms for English Learners

There are a number of future forms in English, just as there are different forms for the past and present. Lets take a look at examples of the four different forms: Simple Future, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, and Future Perfect Continuous used to speak in English about the future. Peter will be at work tomorrow. - Future SimpleShes going to travel to Hong Kong next month.- Future with Going toJennifer will have finished the report by ten tomorrow. - Future PerfectDoug will be enjoying a good book at this time next week.- Future ContinuousI will have been working for six hours by the time I finish this. - Future Perfect Continuous The following article takes a look at each of these forms, as well as some variations in future tense usage with clear examples to help explain the use of each. Listed below are examples, uses, and formation of Future Forms. Uses of the Future With Will The future with will is used for a number of situations: 1. Used for Predictions It will snow tomorrow.She wont win the election. 2. Used for Scheduled Events The concert will begin at 8 oclock.When will the train leave? Used for scheduled events 3. Used for Promises Will you marry me?Ill help you with your homework after class 4. Used for Offers Ill make you a sandwich.Theyll help you if you want. 5.  Used  in Combination with Time Clauses  (as soon as, when, before, after) He will telephone as soon as he arrives.Will you visit me when you come next week? Uses of the Future With Going To 1. Used for Plans   The future with going to is used to express planned events or intentions. These events or intentions are decided on  before  the moment of speaking. Frank is going to study Medicine.Where are they going to stay when they come?She isnt going to buy the new house afterall. Note: Going to or -ing are often both correct for planed events. Going to should be used for distant future intentions (example: Hes going to study Law) 2. Used for Future Predictions Based on Physical Evidence. Oh no! Look at those clouds. Its going to rain.Be careful! Youre going to drop those dishes! Use of Future Continuous Use the future continuous to speak about what will be happening at a specific time in the future. She will be sleeping at 11:30.Tom will be having a good time this time tomorrow. Use of Future Perfect Use the future perfect to speak about what will have been finished by a time in the future. I will have finished the book by tomorrow.Angela will have fond a new job by the end of the year. Use of the Future Perfect Continuous Use the future perfect continuous to speak about how long something will have been happening up to a point of time in the future. They will have been studying for five hours by six oclock.Mary will have been playing golf for five hours by the time she finishes. Uses of Present Continuous for the Future Its also possible to use the present continuous for planned or personally scheduled events. Usually used with principle verbs such as: come, go, begin, start, finish, have, etc. Note: Going to or -ing are often both correct for planned events. Going to should be used for distant future intentions (example: Hes going to study Law) Hes coming tomorrow afternoon.What are we having for dinner?Im not seeing the doctor until Friday. Common future time expressions include: next (week, month, year), tomorrow, in Xs time (amount of time, i.e. two weeks time), in year, time clauses (when, as soon as, before, after) simple present (example: I will telephone as soon as I arrive) soon, later.

Becoming A Helper Reflection On Self Awareness And...

Becoming a Helper: A Reflection on Self Awareness and Cultural Competence In early elementary school, I would go into people’s desks, break their pencils, and then find a glue stick and tape, put them back together, and put them back in their desk. Now, you must be thinking, what kind of horrible child does something so intentionally mean? However, that’s the thing. My intentions were always good because I was trying to help people. I wasn’t thinking â€Å"oh I want to break their pencils,† but rather â€Å"I want to fix their pencils, but they need to be broken in order for me to do so.† The Helping Trait Since I was three years old, I’ve known I wanted to help people. In fact, I’ve always had my heart set on being a doctor. It wasn’t until two years ago that I realized nursing was actually right for me. When people ask me why, I often struggle how to put it into words, but deep down I believe it is because nursing is a profession that focuses less on the science behind the disease, and more about the science of caring. The nurses are the ones who are always there next to the patient’s bedside, providing comfort, love, and compassion. A nurse knows their patients inside and out. Especially when it comes to children, nurses know what the patient’s favorite toy is, or what their favorite popsicle flavor is. Nurses have huge hearts. They prioritize everyone else’s happiness and needs above their own. They are truly angels in human form. Nurses give a piece of themselves to theirShow MoreRelatedThe Belief Systems That May Have An Impact On The The rapeutic Process2147 Words   |  9 Pagessystems in case scenarios – reflective writing I am submitting a paper on counsellors’ belief systems that may have an impact on the therapeutic process. This paper discusses my perspective of two case studies with different scenarios and is via my reflection of the cases. The aim and goal will be to learn to write as the third person and gain insight. The method I will discuss will be from placing me in the shoes of the counsellors’, and walking in their shoes. Ricoeur calls this a ‘narrative commitment’Read MoreCbt and Multi Cultural Influence2068 Words   |  9 PagesEssay: Evaluate Cognitive Behavior Therapy as a core model and analyze its significance within a multi-cultural context. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in contrast to many other therapeutic frameworks has both an explicit rationale and an empirically demonstrable success rate. In addition to the wealth of published case histories there are a plethora of controlled studies attesting to the efficacy of CBT interventions with an equally diverse range of psychological and behavioral conditions. (EmmelkampRead MoreAcademic Background And Career Interest Essay2168 Words   |  9 Pagescareer flexibility, scholarly respect and leadership associated with doctoral level literacy, develop a more profound level of understanding psychology to become a more useful contributor to the field’s body of knowledge; thus acquiring credence and competence. I am very passionate about learning and have developed an affinity for Clinical psychology as my zeal with an aim to create a real impact within the field through empowering individuals, families and groups of multicultural origin develop adaptiveRead MoreCare Deli very6589 Words   |  27 Pagesreflect upon my personal and professional development. It will consider the quality of the care I provided, the skills I developed in my specialist placement, plus my learning since the commencement of my nurse training. Personal learning and self-reflection will be identified. I shall be using Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle to consider my practice. Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle looks at six aspects which include the following; what happened, what were my thoughts and feelings, what was good or badRead MoreThemes Of Development : Prenatal6705 Words   |  27 Pageshuman body (Broderick Blewitt, 2015). Social/Cultural: The social support of the mother and the culture that she lives in can influence neo-natal development. The mother’s socioeconomic status and culture may influence nutrition, access to appropriate pre-natal care, exposure to teratogens, and stress levels. For example, Sutal and Nerkat (2014) conducted a study of low birth weight babies in Aceh Province, Indonesia, and discovered that cultural practices did influence the neonatal care andRead MoreDisposition Early Childhood Teachers6218 Words   |  25 PagesEarly Childhood Education Preservice Teachers: Where to Start? Ursula Thomas, Ed.D University of West Georgia Ursula Thomas Ed.D is an assistant professor of early childhood education at the University of West Georgia. Her research efforts focus on cultural mediation and teacher belief systems in the context of early childhood and teacher education. Correspondence should be addressed to: Ursula Thomas, University of West Georgia. Dept. of CI, 1601 Maple Street, Carrollton, GA, 30118. Phone: (678)Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Building Relationships by Communicating Supportively Gaining Power and Influence 279 Motivating OthersRead MoreEssay Developmental Psychology and Children43507 Words   |  175 Pagesinto the four guiding themes which put the requirements into context, and describe how practitioners should support the development, learning and care of young children. The cards include lots of information, hints and further questions to prompt reflection and provide useful pointers for practitioners in their day-to-day work with children. The EYFS poster shows you at a glance how the EYFS Principles support effective practice in the EYFS. The EYFS CD-ROM contains all of the written documents inRead MoreSantrock Edpsych Ch0218723 Words   |  75 Pagesbecome more self-sufficient, develop school-readiness skills (such as learning to follow instructions and identify letters), and spend many hours with peers. Grade 1 typically marks the end of early childhood. Middle and late childhood (sometimes called the â€Å"elementary-school years†) extends from about 6 to 11 years of age. Children master the fundamental skills of reading, writing, and math at this time. Achievement becomes a more central theme of children’s lives and they increase their self-controlRead MoreAdvocacy Core Units 301 304 Learner pac Essay27222 Words   |  109 PagesQualification in Advocacy 7566 Certificate in Independent Advocacy Self Study Pack to accompany Core Modules 301 302 303 304 Purpose and Principles of Independent Advocacy Providing Effective Independent Advocacy Support Maintaining the Advocacy Relationship Providing Advocacy to a Range of Different Groups of People  © Kate Mercer Training www.katemercer-training.com 1 Learner Resource Pack  © Kate Mercer Training www.katemercer-training.com 2 Welcome to the learner pack which will support

Organizational Development Discussion Questions Free Essays

Week Five Discussion Questions Deep-level abilities are closely related to job performance. As a manager, how could you use the knowledge that people differ to increase the likelihood an employee will perform his or her job well? What challenges does this pose when managing a diverse workforce? * As a supervisor it is my job to make a peaceful and productive atmosphere. I have many different types of employees that differ from age, knowledge, race and gender. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Development: Discussion Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not all of my employees get along with each other but they each hold their own abilities and skills. I fit the abilities together where they are needed and match the best I can as if their personalities are like Legos. It is a constant tug of war as it never fits exactly. * Employees often see change as threatening. What are some of the sources of resistance to change, and what can you as a manager do to overcome that resistance? * There are numerous reasons why employees resist change. 1. Loss of Job is thought of, Bad communication occurs normally (You may not get the entire story / Rumors occur); fear of the unknown; Lack of Competence; and poor timing. What role does diversity play in managing change? What are some possible strategies for managing diversity? What influence does diversity training have on organizations? * Diversity is a range of different things or a variety. I would believe that diversity and change would walk hand hand. You can manage diversity through the hiring process and repeated education. The influence in education is a positive and will convey the message if only the education is enforced during normal business. Does the type of change being planned affect the strategy for managing the change? Explain and provide an example. * Change should always have a well-planned strategy before implementing. You should also monitor the situation so you can help employees adapt. If you walk into the office and just throw out changes without having proper answers How to cite Organizational Development: Discussion Questions, Essay examples Organizational Development Discussion Questions Free Essays Week Five Discussion Questions Deep-level abilities are closely related to job performance. As a manager, how could you use the knowledge that people differ to increase the likelihood an employee will perform his or her job well? What challenges does this pose when managing a diverse workforce? * As a supervisor it is my job to make a peaceful and productive atmosphere. I have many different types of employees that differ from age, knowledge, race and gender. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Development: Discussion Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not all of my employees get along with each other but they each hold their own abilities and skills. I fit the abilities together where they are needed and match the best I can as if their personalities are like Legos. It is a constant tug of war as it never fits exactly. * Employees often see change as threatening. What are some of the sources of resistance to change, and what can you as a manager do to overcome that resistance? * There are numerous reasons why employees resist change. 1. Loss of Job is thought of, Bad communication occurs normally (You may not get the entire story / Rumors occur); fear of the unknown; Lack of Competence; and poor timing. What role does diversity play in managing change? What are some possible strategies for managing diversity? What influence does diversity training have on organizations? * Diversity is a range of different things or a variety. I would believe that diversity and change would walk hand hand. You can manage diversity through the hiring process and repeated education. Socratic Seminar Questions The influence in education is a positive and will convey the message if only the education is enforced during normal business. Does the type of change being planned affect the strategy for managing the change? Explain and provide an example. * Change should always have a well-planned strategy before implementing. You should also monitor the situation so you can help employees adapt. If you walk into the office and just throw out changes without having proper answers How to cite Organizational Development: Discussion Questions, Papers

Reflection Thinking for Social Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Reflection Thinking for Social Innovation. Answer: Introduction: Considering the incorporation of the ICT projects, the functions of the implementers, developers and designers could not be overlooked. Since long, I am also interested in knowing the basic technicalities involved in designing websites, how the content is developed, how the designers create platforms without any technical drawbacks and so on. Hence, I have selected this post in order to understand the consequences ICT application within the society and obtain an insight on the role of the ICT implementers, developers and designers. The post illustrates how negligence of the developers could give rise to severe concerns like unpredicted effects of the content, hacking of information, which in turn brings security issues to the organizations and increase vulnerability, simultaneously, demonstrates how the developers work together to accomplish their set goals. It is mentioned in the post that the content developers are not responsible for channelling to the anticipated audience rather they focus on developing content. Alternatively, the ICT infrastructure providers are responsible for channelling to respective audience. By clarifying the roles and responsibilities, the post clearly inform the readers about the respective job roles of the ICT developers, implementers and designers (Wang and Woo, 2007). According to my personal opinion, illustration with relevant examples has increased the quality of the selected post. A prominent example in this context would be the website, named My School, which has provided a p latform to compare the students academic aptitudes based on the exams. It was also demonstrated that designed program may fail to setup effective security features due to internal conflicts of the developers, designers and implementers considering their job roles. Since making the posts, my expanded view would be that developers, implementers and designers need to work collaboratively to each other to avoid severe security concerns and establish firm, user-friendly application based systems. In the era of rapid globalization, innovation plays a major role, irrespective of the nature of the business. According to Tim, a renowned speaker of the TED conference, designers need to think big that informs a hidden message to his audience. Businesses are into tremendous competition in order to provide good quality services and products to attract more number of customers that in turn necessitates constant innovation. The present piece of writing includes opinions on design thinking, compare designing approaches at the end of the 20th century, which attracts me the most to select the post for reflection. To summarize, it could be stated that organizations cannot continue to exist without active workforce, which can implement and design the relevant projects and simultaneously, should inspire other professionals to innovate. Brown and Wyatt (2015) in this context have mentioned that creative designers should have the capacity to apprehend market demands. Collaborative working ensures that more responsibilities are accomplished. While talking about inspiring others, it indicates the need to have and develop leadership qualities within oneself. Considering a human aspect, it could be mentioned that people face loads of challenges in everyday life and difficulties are seen as opportunities, especially by the designers, who could apply their leadership skill, innovate and develop the proper solution to complicated issues. Innovation in technology includes economic parameters. Innovativeness in design thinking introduces new ways to point out the available hindrances. Effective and strateg ical dealing of which could explore new opportunities in the field of economy and technology that in turn create tools to introduce changes. According to my personal view considering the post would be that alterations come together with innovative choices that create a center of attention for the designers to develop new ideas and extend their views on those ideas. Transforming design by understanding problems and practices within organizations is a matter of concern that attracts me to a greater extent. As per my understanding from the post, it could be revealed that the success of transformation design involves developing an insight on the present practice methods and create innovative approaches to the encountered issues, which could be done by developing brainstorming and prototyping on selected matters. An attractive solution would be capacity to maintain more engagement with the customers that basically boost the understanding by the designers (Sangiorgi 2011). Searching for more innovation in transformative design would be another effective approach that promotes necessary business related processes in order to obtain desirable outcomes. In order to do this and to reduce risks, organizations need to develop prototypes and assess the usefulness of those designs. Failure is the part of it, but the designers should not give up and be active with constant monitoring of the conditions that would fetch more success. Designers need to embrace innovative approaches in order to go beyo nd traditional methods, as adoption to the newly made changes could develop physiological and practical hindrances. Service delivery could be a practical challenge if the designers fail to communicate the process in a proper way (Singh et al. 2007). It is evident that customers are more into receiving particular and relevant solution of their problems compare to general solutions and providing those solutions by the organizations is a major challenge in the present era. The organizations, which could accomplish this effectively, are preferred majorly by the customers, which could be another strategy of attracting more number of prospective customers. Based on my personal opinion, I must say that customers choice could vary based on their culture, however, designers need to consider such factors and develop products that would best fit the customers preferences. References Brown, T. and Wyatt, J., 2015. Design thinking for social innovation.Annual Review of Policy Design,3(1), pp.1-10. Sangiorgi, D., 2011. Transformative services and transformation design.International Journal of Design,5(2). Singh, V., Walther, B., Krager, J., Putnam, N., Koraishy, B., Wood, K.L. and Jensen, D., 2007, January. Design for transformation: Theory, method and application. InASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference(pp. 447-459). American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Wang, Q. and Woo, H.L., 2007. Systematic planning for ICT integration in topic learning.Educational technology society,10(1), pp.148-156.

Avogadros Law Example Problem

Avogadros Law Example Problem Avogadros gas law states the volume of a gas is proportional to the number of moles of gas present when the temperature and pressure are held constant. This example problem demonstrates how to use Avogadros law to determine the volume of a gas when more gas is added to the system. Avogadro's Law Equation Before you can solve any problem regarding Avogadros gas law, its important to review the equation for this law. There are a few ways to write this  gas law, which is a mathematical relation. It may be stated: k V/n Here, k is a proportionality constant, V is the volume of a gas, and n is the number of moles of a gas. Avogadros law also means the ideal gas constant is the same value for all gases, so: constant p1V1/T1n1   P2V2/T2n2V1/n1   V2/n2V​1n2   V2n1 where p is pressure of a gas, V is volume, T is temperature, and n is number of moles. Avogadro's Law Problem A 6.0 L sample at 25 °C and 2.00 atm of pressure contains 0.5 mole of a gas. If an additional 0.25 mole of gas at the same pressure and temperature are added, what is the final total volume of the gas? Solution First, express Avogadros law by its  formula: Vi/ni Vf/nfwhereVi initial volumeni initial number of molesVf final volumenf final number of moles For this example, Vi 6.0 L and ni 0.5 mole. When 0.25 mole is added: nf ni 0.25 molenf 0.5 mole 0.25 molenf 0.75 mole The only variable remaining is the final volume. Vi/ni Vf/nf Solve for Vf Vf ​ Vinf/niV​f (6.0 L x 0.75 mole)/0.5 moleVf 4.5 L/0.5 Vf 9 L Check to see if the answer makes sense. You would expect the volume to increase if more gas is added. Is the final volume greater than the initial volume? Yes. Doing this check is useful because it is easy to put the initial number of moles in the numerator and the final number of moles in the denominator. If this had happened, the final volume answer would have been smaller than the initial volume. Thus, the final volume of the gas is 9.0 Notes Regarding Avogadro's Law Unlike Avogadros number, Avogadros law was actually proposed by   Amedeo Avogadro. In 1811, he hypothesized two samples of an ideal gas with the same volume and at the same pressure and temperature contained the same number of molecules.Avogadros law is also called Avogadros principle or Avogadros hypothesis.Like the other ideal gas laws, Avogadros law only approximates the behavior of real gases. Under conditions of high temperature or pressure, the law is inaccurate. The relation works best for gases held at low pressure and ordinary temperatures. Also, smaller gas particles- helium, hydrogen, and nitrogen- yield better results than larger molecules, which are more likely to interact with each other.Another mathematical relation used to express Avogadros law is: V/n k Here, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, and k is the proportionality constant. Its important to note this means the ideal gas constant is the same for all gases.

Easy Steps to Get Book Review Writing Help

Easy Steps to Get Book Review Writing Help One of the typical tasks for students in different educational institutions is a book review. The reason for it is clear – you dont only need to read a book, but your teachers want you to think while reading, analyze all the thoughts and ideas you come across. If you have to write a book review and need to consult someone to cope with the task well – this article is just for you. The very first step you have to take is to choose a book, unless it is already chosen for you by your teacher. If not, try to make your task more enjoyable by choosing a book you like, or the one you have already read and know it well. That way you can both cope with the task and enjoy reading. So, writing a good book review requires you to read a book at least twice. The first time you read you have to concentrate on the plot, main characters, and the general idea and subject-matter of a book. Having done that, you will definitely have some ideas of how and what to write in a review. Thats why you had better take notes, even if you think that the idea is not worth it. So, the second time you read a book, you will have to pay attention to small details like figures of speech, stylistic devices, authors unique writing style, or you may also write down some quotations you want to use in your review. Once you have done that, you will need to write a plan of your review. It is also a good idea to do so, because it will help you express all your thoughts in a logical order. By the way, you also have to mind your grammar and punctuation. Once the review is ready, it is advisable to read it once again to avoid mistakes. If all of the written above seems to be too complicated for you to cope with, or you dont really have enough time to write your review, you will definitely want some help. That is what our custom writing service does. Choose from a wide range of tasks that can be easily written by our skillful and experienced writers. So, if you really feel you need help, fill out an order form and specify all the details of your order. Tell the writers what exactly you need and we will do our best to satisfy your demands. The writer assigned to work on your order will read a book and write a review taking into consideration all your requirements. Writing book reviews with us is fast and easy.

Corporate Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate Governance - Essay Example This notion of corporate governance is similar with the explanation provided by Cadbury (1992). Fine corporate governance is linked with a lesser cost of capital, elevated returns on equity, better efficiency, consideration of the roles and responsibilities of the Board of Directors, integrity and ethical behaviour, disclosure and transparency and more constructive handling and equitable treatment of each and everyone of the shareholders in a firm such as respect for the rights of shareholders and recognition that the company has legal and other obligations to all legitimate stakeholders (Claessens, 2006), unlike in this case study. David and Victoria are the directors of the Becksville Limited and own between them sixty five per cent of the shares. There are two other shareholders who take little or no part in the running of the company. Both David and Victoria are also the directors of Worldspice Limited which is a company, like Becksville Limited, that deals with sporting and entertainment activities. Worldspice Limited went into a creditors voluntary winding up and there is a substantial deficit such that the creditors expect no more than 10 pence in the pound. Worldspice Limited had become insolvent mainly as a result of many speculative investments in attempting to develop the company’s activities. This speculative attitude was also adopted by David and Victoria in the running of Becksville Limited and this company has suffered losses resulting in the company being unable to pay a dividend for the past three years. David and Victoria have taken  £25,000 per year each by way of Directors remunerat ion during this period. David and Victoria have also in 2004 and 2005 made considerable donations amounting to  £100,000 to various charities. The minority shareholders of Becksville Limited have now discovered that David and Victoria in June 2005

Robert Mapplethorpe Biography and his association to Photography Research Paper

Robert Mapplethorpe Biography and his association to Photography - Research Paper Example In 1973, the Light Gallery in New York City mounted his first solo gallery exhibition, "Polaroids." Later, he acquired a Hasselblad 2 ? inch medium-format camera which he used to shoot his circle of friends and acquaintances including artists, musicians, socialites, pornographic film stars, and members of the S & M underground movements he was associated with (Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation, par.3). To produce sleeky, ravishing effects and gleaming surfaces, Mapplethorpe used traditional techniques of direct lightning and sharp focus. During the early seventies, Mapplethorpe’s desire to expand the technical and aesthetic boundaries of traditional photography made him use different printing materials and surfaces and unconventional forms of matting, framing, and glazing. He would also attempt to manipulate the photographic reproduction process in his Model Parade. â€Å"In this work, Mapplethorpe applied a synthetic emulsion to two pages from a male physique magazine in order to lift the image and its color. He then transferred the dried emulsion onto the canvas, adding color and stretching and distorting the image as he arranged it† (Marshall, par.3). In 1987, in his series of platinum prints on linen, he would use this process again in making a painting on canvas from a printed photograph. Mapplethorpe became controversial when he documented in his work New York's gay community in the late 1970s. His photographs explicitly depicted sexual organs and bondage equipment. His subjects also included homoerotic and sadomasochistic images which are often glamorized and disturbing. However according to Levinson, â€Å"Mapplethorpe's art always revealed the humanity and emotions of his subjects behind their leather, spikes, and chains† (Levinson, par.4). Some sectors of society viewed his works as pornographic. Likewise, Morrisoe, who was able to interview Mapplethorpe several times, even one month prior to his death, said that â€Å"Mapplethorpe painted himself as a creature of the night – ‘a sex demon’ – who had no control over his voracious appetite† (Morrisoe, xv). In the 80s, Mapplethorpe produced several images that either challenge or adhere to classical aesthetic standards. He photographed stylized compositions of male and female nudes, flower still lifes, and studio portraits of artists and celebrities. He introduced and refined different techniques and formats, including color 20" x 24" Polaroids, photogravures, platinum prints on paper and linen, Cibachrome and dye transfer color prints (Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation, par.5). . Calla lilies and orchids are the favorite flower subjects of Mapplethorpe. His flowers are as carefully positioned to display a raw sexuality even more powerful than that of his nudes (Mapplethorne and Ashbery, 1996). â€Å"His treatment of the male and female aspects of the calla lily is most striking, one photograph emphasizing the flower's phallic stame n, another emphasizing its feminine curves† (Levinson, par.15). Even the size and vibrant colors of the prints of his flower photographs exudes sensuality. One of his favorite human subjects was Patti Smith, a poet and a singer and a close friend with whom she lived with from 1967 to 1974. His portraits of Smith captured her loneliness, independence, sensitivity and wildness (Levinson, par.20). In addition, it was revealed that Mapplethorpe’s earliest and most frequent subject was himself â€Å"

Tunku Abdul Rahman

Tunku Abdul Rahman Who is Tunku Abdul Rahman Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj was born on February 8 1903 at Istana Pelamin, Alor Setar, Kedah. He was the twentieth child and seventh son of Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, the twenty-fourth Sultan of Kedah.1 His mother on the other hand, Paduka Seri Cik Manjalara was the daughter of a Siamese nobleman, Luang Noraborirak. In 1909, Abdul Rahman received his early education at a Malay Primary School before being tranferred to the Government English School, which is currently known as the Sultan Abdul Hamid College. Following that, he was sent to the Debsirin School in Bangkok. A Kedah State Scholarship awarded to him in 1920 took him to England to further his studies. In England, he read History and Law at St. Catherines College, Cambridge. He successfully obtained his Bachelor of Arts Degree in 1925. While studying at England itself, his flair for leadership was made apparent due to the lack of representation of Malay students at the institution by any clubs or organisations. Abdul Rahman remedied the problem by establishing the Kesatuan Melayu Great Britain (Malay Association of Great Britain). He held the post of Secretary. Upon his return to Malaya, he served the Kedah Civil Service as a cadet in the Legal Advisors Office. Following that, he served as a District Officer in Kuala Nerang, Langkawi, Sungai Petani, and finally in Kulim.2 Abdul Rahman was the only Malay District Officer at that time. This made him widely unpopular amongst many British officials. However, no action was taken by the British Administration in Kedah, as he was of royal lineage. Unfortunately, his attempt at completing his legal studies at the Inner Temple in England came to a halt due to the outbreak of World War II. He resumed his studies at the Inner Temple soon after and qualified for the Bar. On his return to Malaya, he was appointed as a Deputy Public Prosecutor. During the nationalistic battle against the Malayan Union, Tunku Abdul Rahman joined the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). He proved to be very popular amongst party members and was later on appointed as Chairman of UMNO Kedah in 1948. On August 26 1951, Tunku became the UMNO President. Following that, he formed a political alliance with the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA). This political alliance was later joined by the Malayan Indian Congress (MIC) in 1955. This political alliance was called the Alliance Party. That same year, the Alliance Party won the first federal general elections. Tunku Abdul Rahman was elected as the first Chief Minister of Malaya. In 1955, Tunku lead a delegation to England to negotiate with the British government for the independence of Malaya. This lead to the signing of the Independence Treaty at Lancaster House in London on February 8 1956.3 On the 31st of August 1957, the British flag was lowered in Kuala Lumpur and the Malaya flag was raised in its place. Tunku Abdul Rahman led the crowd at Dataran Merdeka in announcing Merdeka! (Independance). This will forever remain a historical moment in Malaysian history. It cannot be argued that one of Tunkus greatest acheivements was the formation of Malaysia, comprising of the Federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Singapore. However, due to several political issues, the federation of all these states, excluding Brunei was formed on the 16th of September 1963. Tunku Abdul Rahman was restyled as Prime Minister of Malaysia. 4 Unfortunately, the racial factor only worsened with the inclusion of Singapore, raising the Chinese population close to 40%.5 On August 7, 1965, Tunku Abdul Rahman announced to the Malaysian Parliament to vote yes on the resolution to remove Singapore from the federation. Singapore officially acheived independance on 9 August 1965. Following the racial riots of May 13, many UMNO leaders were critical of Tunku Abdul Rahmans leadership and an emergency committee, MAGERAN took power and declared a state of emergency. On 22 September 1970, Tunku Abdul Rahman was coerced into resigning as Prime Minister and was succeeded by Tunku Abdul Razak. Following that, he then resigned as UMNO President on June 1971 amidst severe opposition from the Young Turks, comprising of Mahathir Muhammad and Musa Hitam.6 Aside from the formation of Malaysia, Tunku also had a many other acheivements. Other than making Islam the state religion in 1960, he also established the Islamic Welfare Organisation (PERKIM), an organisation helping newly converted Muslims adjust to their lives as Muslims.7 Tunku also helped establish the Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC), of which he was also the Secretary General. An avid sprtsman, Tunku was a huge fan of football. This led him to become the President of the Football Association of Malaya, President of The Asian Football Confederation and President of the Asian Badminton Confederation. He also supported Semangat 46, a splinter group of UMNO led by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah.8 Tunku Abdul Rahman passed away on 6 December 1990 at the age of eighty-seven. He was laid to rest at the Langgar Mausoleum at Alor Setar. FOOTNOTE 1. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 March 2010. 2. Sejarah Malaysia, Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj, URL : http://sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my/portalBI/detail.php?section=sm02spesifik_id=95ttl_id, accessed 17 March 2010. 3. Perdana.Org, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL : http://www.perdana.org.my/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=184Itemid=124, accessed 17 March 2010 4. Prime Ministers if Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj, URL : http://www.primeministersofmalaysia.net/1.php, accessed 17 March 2010 5. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 March 2010. 6. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 March 2010. 7. Network Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL : http://www.networkmalaysia.com/subtitle/people/TunkuAbdulRahman.htm, accessed 17 March 2010 8. State University.Com, Tunku Abdul Rahman (Putra Alhaj) Early life, Early political career, Road to independence, Prime Minister, Involvements in Islam, Later life, Family, URL : http://encyclopedia.stateuniversity.com/pages/22669/Tunku-Abdul-Rahman-Putra-Alhaj.html, accessed 18 March 2010.

The Baader-Meinhof Gang

The Baader-Meinhof or the Red Army Faction (RAF) was a prominent militant outfit of the ‘German Autumn. ’ A terror era that lasted for nearly three decades was marked by the rise and fall of several terrorist organizations. One of the most dreaded of these was the Baader-Meinhof Gang. Originally formed as a revolutionary organization that would put an end to German fascist era, the gang went off-track with its goals and resorted to unlawful activities.At their peak, they had perpetrated numerous acts of terror including bank robbery, kidnapping and murder. They had become so infamous that the German Government labeled them as a terrorist organization. The origin of the Baader-Meinhof can be traced back to the late 1960s and early 1970s when West Germany reeled under a series of terrorist bombings by radical leftists in Augsburg, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Munich and at American installations in Frankfurt and Heidelburg, and bank robberies and Molotov cocktail attacks on public offices (Christenson 20).Two groups claimed responsibility for the attacks and one of these groups was the June 2nd Movement, which along with the other group was later known as the Baader-Meinhof gang (Christenson 20). A couple of the people involved in these activities were Andreas Baader, the man responsible for the formation of the gang, and his girlfriend Gundrun Ensslin. A prominent journalist who worked for the Konkret – Ulrike Meinhof – had interviewed the two people and justified their deeds, and later joined the gang after helping Baader escape from a jail (Christenson 20).Essaywriters 2 The formal establishment of the RAF or Baader-Meinhof gang was done on 5 June 1970, but the gang’s terrorist acts caught serious attention only since 1974 (Fulbrook 229). The gang, comprising mostly of people who were middle class and well-educated, was formed with the frustration that had crept in to their minds after witnessing their families die in the 1940s (Fulbro ok 229). This was one of the primary reasons given by the gang, which felt that the government’s true, oppressive face has to be brought before the public.As a result, they started attacks on property and also engaged in bank robberies to fund their activities (Fulbrook 229). However, the real threat had begun when they had started to commit murders of popular people like the banker Jurgen Ponto; General State Prosecutor Buback, who they accused of causing the deaths of terrorists – Holger Meins, Siegfried Hauser and Ulrike Meinhof; and employers’ leader Hanns Martin Schleyer (a high-ranked official in SS) (Fulbrook 229). The most prominent of their involvements was in the Munich Olympics Massacre of 1972 (Reeve 37).The Organization The Baader-Meinhof Gang was formed out of the New Left and Extra Parliamentary Opposition student movements that had huge support from the German students in the 1950s and the 1960s, especially against the U. S. war in Vietnam (Tucke r 95). With the passage of time, further student demonstrations took place and on June 2, a university student called Benno Ohnesorg was shot dead by the police, adding fuel to the fire burning in the students’ hearts (Tucker 96). Andreas Baader encouraged student Essaywriters 3activists to overthrow the German Government as it was a part of the corrupt International system and was dominated by the United States (Tucker 96). The real terrorist group was formed after a left-wing lawyer named Horst Mahler suggested the creation of a German urban Guerilla Movement, like the Tupamaros in Uruguay, and engagement in greater violence than arson (Tucker 96). Mahler, along with Baader and Ensslin were the leaders of this small terrorist group. When Baader was arrested after the group was formed in 1970, Ensslin asked Meinhof for help and the journalist helped him escape (Tucker 96).Terror Activities The terrorist gang started its first few attacks on symbols that represented the capit alist system and in 1968, after Baader led left-wing student group Kommune I was released for arson activity, Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and two other colleagues placed bombs in two department stores in Frankfurt am Main (Tucker 96). Andreas and his girlfriend, Ensslin, were arrested for the act, but were later released in 1969 (Tucker 96). In the period 1970-1977, the gang targeted a number of government top-ranked officials for assassination.They were successful in this goal when they assassinated prominent individuals like Jurgen Ponto, Prosecutor Buback and Hanns-Martin Schelyer (Fulbrook 229). Schleyer’s body was dumped inside the boot of a car after a hijack attempt by the gang was stopped by Federal Border Police in Mogadishu (Fulbrook 229). The hijack had been planned to force the government to release the gang’s top leaders Baader, Raspin and Ensslin. When Holger Meins, one of the people arrested in 1972, died Essaywriters 4of a hunger strike, the group ki lled Judge Gunter Von Drenkkman in response (Christenson 21). When police arrested many supporters of leftist terrorist organizations in connection with this incident, the June 2nd group kidnapped West Berlin mayoral candidate Peter Lorenz and demanded the release of five convicted people, and in March, another group bombed the Paris office of West German publisher Axel Springer demanding the release and pardon of Baarden-Meinhof group’s members (Christenson 21).In another incident in April 1975, six guerillas killed three people and took 12 hostages in the West German Embassy in Stockholm demanding the release of the gang and when the government refused, they killed two diplomats and set the embassy on fire (Christenson 21). Main People in the Group Andreas Baader The most prominent name in the Baader-Meinhof gang is Andreas Baader and the group was named after him. Baader was attracted to the leftist-student movement and he was one of the people responsible for the bombing of a Frankfurt department store in 1968. He was a criminal even before his involvement in the Baader-Meinhof gang.He was arrested for the department store bombing, but was released. He was arrested a second time in 1970, when Ulrike Meinhof helped him escape through the library outside his prison. After the escape, he had spent some time in Jordan in a militant training camp. After he returned to Germany, he was involved in many bank robberies and bombing activities from 1970-1972. In June 1972, Baader and other members Jan-Carl Raspe, Essaywriters 5 Holger Meins and Gudrun Ensslin were arrested and they were tried till 1977. Baader had committed suicide in October 1977 inside the prison cell. Ulrike MeinhofUlrike Meinhof was not a part of the group from the beginning. She was a sympathizing journalist who helped Baader escape from jail. Along with Baader and other prominent people, she became a part of the Baader-Meinhof gang. On May 9, 1976, Ulrike Meinhof was found hanging from t he ceiling of her prison cell in Stuttgart-Stammheim. Gudrun Ensslin Although the group was partly named after Ulrike, the gang’s main female leader was Ensslin, who was also the girlfriend of Baader. She had participated in many student protests in the 1960s. Ensslin had assisted Baader in many terror activities.She was also found dead with Baader and Raspe in the prison cell in 1977. Horst Mahler Horst Mahler was also one of the founding members of the Baader-Meinhof gang. He was formerly a left-wing militant. He was later kicked out of the gang. Jan-Carl Raspe Jan-Carl Raspe was one of the early members of the gang. He was arrested along with Baader and the rest. He was also found dead in the prison with others in 1977. Essaywriters 6 The Diffusion of the Group Although the government believed that the Baader-Meinhof gang stopped functioning after the death of its main leaders, the group continued to function till 1998.The media company Reuters had received a message in 19 98 that formally announced that the gang had been dissolved. It was the end of the ‘German Autumn. ’ Essaywriters 7 Works Cited Christenson, Ron. â€Å"Political Trials in History: From Antiquity to the Present† (1991): 20-23 Fulbrook, Mary. â€Å"History of Germany, 1918-2000: The Divided Nation† (2002): p. 229 Reeve, Simon. â€Å"One Day in September† (2000): 37 Tucker, Jonathan. B. â€Å"Toxic Terror: Assessing Terrorist Use of Chemical and Biological Weapons† (2000): 95-96

Cyber-security Essay

The internet is no man’s land. The whole world has been melted into a global village as the Internet pervades the homes, offices and even phones. The internet has become closer to our thoughts and feelings every day as chat engines can now express feelings and depict thought patterns. Information about self, plan of work, career, and family are also speedily available and sent via the internet. Most, if not all, companies own a website where the clients/customers can access their information. In fact, financial institutions run transactions through cyber space. Security outfits have private and confidential data on Networks that can easily access the Net. All these point to on pellucid fact: the cyberspace cannot be ignored. It cannot be ignored because of the risk associated with such move. This underscores the need for cyberspace security. The responsibility of government is not just for the internal and border security of her people; it also includes security across the internet. Although the internet belongs to no one, government can take certain steps to promote her people from Internet fraud, spyware and other security threats. As the world shrinks, the Internet will definitely be a means for evil doers and enemies of progress and freedom to use to perpetuate their obnoxious. This is another reason why the government must take the issue very seriously. This is why the collaboration between Symantec and National Cyber Security Alliance is commendable. This provides statistics about security issues on the Internet: it postulates that only about one-fifth of computer and internet users have adequate security protection although most believe they are protected. This means there is a gap: most believe what is not. Bridging the gap is an important aspect of the work of Department of Homeland Security and NCSA. It is not enough to have statistics although they are fundamental facts upon which decisions are based. I believe these figures are even worse than what is said. The report does not show how many users were used for the research and how reliable that percentage can be. If this is the case, vigorous mass publicity and campaigns will help. This will involve state and federal agencies, and private organizations that provide internet and computer service. The article titled ‘Americans confused as ever over cyber-security’ gives a clear picture of what the challenge is. The question is who is responsible for this confusion? The users of cyberspace have a big chunk of this confusion as they need out information about how to safeguard themselves from internet threats. It is likely they would have tried but the information is not accessible. This means that information on cybersecurity is not user-friendly; this is a field where they really have to work. Besides, staying safe online appears daunting for many users. Since antivirus, antispyware and firewall software are the frontline basic protections Americans should have, information should be readily accessible. Cybersecurity is obviously will continue to be important. Efforts have to mad now to safeguard computer and Internet users. This can be achieved first through information made available at the point of purchase; tell people about security. Then, computer accessories Unit should have also succinct information for their customers. Internet service providers have a big role to play: they need to prepare a package on cybersecurity like FAQs that can be used by their clients. Regular updates should also be made available.

Miracle - 1423 Words

Historical Film Prompt: Miracle The film Miracle is about the U.S men’s ice hockey team winning the 1980 gold metal for the Winter Olympics, led by head coach Herb Brooks. Miracle was fairly accurate with its historic content during the course of the movie. The director Gavin O’Connor did a good job tying in historical and political background that brought the film together, which made it unique to other sport films. In the beginning of the film there was a sequence highlighting the historical events that lead up to the 1980 Winter Olympics. Miracle specifically opened up with the historical footage against the Vietnam War in the 1960s. Our country endured the time where it was divided because of the support of the Vietnam War. To make†¦show more content†¦This event was important because it drove Brooks to become the head coach and it drove him to lead his team to the championships. Miracle really focused on the intense coaching tactics that brooks had. Brooks wanted to change the way the American team played in the game in hockey. He wanted to incorporated harder training and more competitiveness like the soviets and Canadians at the time. Miracle basically showed the success of the 1980 hockey team was due to the teams persistence, hard work, and detailed preparation. Overall the movie focused on head coach Herb Brooks and how his coaching enable the young team to win the gold medal. As the movie was being made, Coach brooks died in a tragic car accident during 2004, and the epilogue to the movie said, â€Å"He never saw it. He lived it.† I thought Miracle did a really good job of inspiring and tell the audience about the win of the 1980’s Olympic Games in Lake Placid. I had a positive emotional reaction towards the movie because it showed the determination in the team. Although people didn’t believe that the team could win a medal in the Olympic games, they came out with the gold medal shocking everyone in the wor ld. I believe it’s the best feeling doing something that someone said you can’t do, to me it shows the determination and strong mind set of one individual or a team. A quote from theShow MoreRelatedEssay Miracles849 Words   |  4 PagesMiracles From the Latin word miraculum meaning â€Å"object of wonder† enters the word miracle. Many definitions have been formed for the notion of a miracle but most would agree that it is most commonly an unexplainable extraordinary event, inspiring awe and wonder unto its witnesses. Similar definitions state that it is a â€Å"supernatural event, contrary to the established constitutionRead MoreMiracles and Christianity Essays937 Words   |  4 PagesMiracles and Christianity In society today, the word miracle is commonly used to describe unexpected and surprising events: it was a miracle that I passed the exam, however, when it is used in a religious sense, it generally has the extra meaning of being an act of god. In the Bible, one can find many examples of miracles, but the central miraculous event is the claim that Jesus rose from the dead after his crucifixion, this was easier to accept as the truth in theRead MoreThe Role of God in Miracles916 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Christian faith, miracles are critical and authentic to the Gospels. A miracle is a difficult term to define because it depends on the individual’s perspective and experience. Generally speaking, miracles can be considered to be natural and unnatural acts of God or series of unlikely events occurring concurrently– coincidences. I believe miracles and coincidences can both be seen as a series of unlikely event, but miracles have a God component to it. Coincidences on the other hand, do notRead MoreBelieving in Miracles Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesBelieving in Miracles An important stage in this course of RE is that of the belief in God. The belief in God has many different aspects to learn, one of which is the belief in miracles and how miracles lead us to believe that God exists. This essay will look at the two sides of believing in miracles. On one side of the debate is that of why miracles lead us to believe in God? And to contradict this point of view will be the problem of believing in miracles. ARead MoreThe Main Elements Of A Miracle Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Gospel of Mark is filled with a variety of miracles that can be identified as falling into three brief categories: exorcisms, nature miracles, and healing miracles. It is important to understand that in order to be healed and blessed with Jesus’ grace, just like the individuals in the miracle stories, we must also be open to accepting to him. With that being said, in this paper I will discuss the elements of a miracle, the ways in which Mark presents them in his Gospel, the great effects thatRead MoreThe World Of The Gospels A Miracle1146 Words   |  5 Pages Miracle stories were accepted by ancient people as possible. The divine interacted with human kind. This contrasts with the contemporary scepticism about the sacred or the possibility of miracles. In the light of scientific, data driven, technological preoccupation, miracles seem to be unnecessary. The gap between humankind and the divine has widened to the point of being irrelevant, unnecessary or non-existent. However, in the world of the gospels a ‘miracle’ was anything that caused people toRead MoreHume on Miracles Essay689 Words   |  3 PagesHume on Miracles It is evident in David Humes writing of An Equity Concerning Human Understanding that he does not believe that miracles take place. Hume is a man of logic, who believes in experience over knowledge. Of course it is hard for such a man to believe in extraordinary claims without being there to witness them. Especially when such events require a lot of faith. In order for an event to be deemed a miracle, it must disobey the laws of nature. However, it is these same lawsRead MoreMiracles Of Jesus : Fact Or Faux853 Words   |  4 PagesMiracles of Jesus: Fact or Faux Throughout the Gospels, we read about the good news of Jesus which entails His life, teachings, and resurrection. During Jesus’ time on earth, it is documented that he performed a vast amount of miracles that only one of a spiritual being could complete. Written is that he fed 5,000 people with only five loaves of bread and two fish, walked on water, and allowed the blind to see. These miracles are only the beginning. The question many philosophers and skeptics askRead MoreMiracles Essay3296 Words   |  14 PagesMiracles (i) Explain the term miracle The word miracle can have different meanings for different people and when it is applied to different situations it’s meaning can alter. From a religious perspective, a miracle is a word used to describe a phenomenal event for the good of a person, which is believed to have a divine cause, i.e., it is linked to Gods action. In todays secular society it could be any wonderful or surprising event like the birth of a babyRead MoreEssay on David Hume: On Miracles1903 Words   |  8 Pages In explaining Hume’s critique of the belief in miracles, we must first understand the definition of a miracle. The Webster Dictionary defines a miracle as: a supernatural event regarded as to define action, one of the acts worked by Christ which revealed his divinity an extremely remarkable achievement or event, an unexpected piece of luck. Therefore, a miracle is based on one’s perception of past experiences, what everyone sees. It is based on an individuals own reality, and the faith in which

Alexander Hamilton And The United States Government

Amna Yasin Professor Cockrell HIS-131 April 11, 2017 Alexander Hamilton Alexander Hamilton has played many important roles in developing the United States’ government. He was born on January 11, 1755 on a small island in the Caribbean Sea. It was called Nevis and was a part of an area that was called the British West Indies (Schlesinger, Jr. 16). Hamilton overcame the odds of illegitimacy and impoverishment by rising to fame through his ambitiousness. Hamilton was determined to become successful and his intelligence allowed him to leave New York’s King’s College without a degree and still achieve many great accomplishments. Hamilton influenced the developmental course of the country by promoting a strong federal government to turn the U.S†¦show more content†¦Hamilton decided to resolve the problems through making changes that would increase the power of the Federal government and allow the country to become prosperously successful. Hamilton made several appearances at Continental Congresses to ensure that the governmentâ₠¬â„¢s power as a whole would be prioritized over the power of the states. Hamilton helped the ratification process of the Constitution by the Compromise of 1790, which allowed the south to pick the location of the capital if they passed the bill for creating a national bank and he also created The Federalist papers in which the importance of a powerful government was highlighted. Many compromises were made before the Constitution was finally ratified in 1789, due to the opposing opinions of federalists and anti-federalists, who believed in a weak government and wanted the country to remain functioning as an agrarian society. Due to this rift, the public had officially split into a two-party system with Hamilton’s strong government supporters called the Federalists and Jefferson’sShow MoreRelatedAlexander Hamilton : The Influence Of Alexander Hamilton1102 Words   |  5 Pages Although an individual that has influenced millions of people would be Alexander Hamilton. Alexander Hamilton is influential because he was one of Washington’s most trusted soldiers, his outlook on life inspired many people, and he created the first national bank. Alexander Hamilton is influential because he was one of Washingtons most trusted soldiers. For example, an article called Alexander Hamilton Biography states, â€Å"He drafted many of Washingtons important letters, he was sent on importantRead MoreAlexander Hamilton990 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander Hamilton When producing something as important as the document outlining an entire nation’s culture, it is helpful to have inventive and innovative thinkers; however, it is necessary to have leaders with experience and knowledge. The United States needed a strong leader who stood for his beliefs and could execute them to their full potential. When Alexander Hamilton entered Independence Hall on May 14, 1787, that was exactly what he was willing to do for his country. He helped withRead MoreHamilton’s Vision Intended for the New Government of United States of America1269 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States of America Constitution was ratified by two-thirds of the states. The Constitution created a new government in the United States of America that was constructed around the idea of separation of power by the three branches of government with a system of checks and balances. These branches include the executive branch, the bicameral legislative branch and judicial branch. In order to ensure that no branch were to overpower the other two branches, the forefathers of the United StatesRead MoreAlexander Hamilton ( 1755-1804 )860 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander Hamilton (1755-1804). Born 1755 in the British West Indies In 1774, he wrote his first political article defending the Patriots cause against the interests of pro-British Loyalists.In 1775, at the beginning of the Revolutionary War Hamilton became part of the New York Provincial Artillery Company and fought in the battles of Long Island, White Plains and Trenton.In the year of 1777, Hamilton became General George Washington s official assistant. In 1781 George Washington s granted HamiltonRead MoreAlexander Hamilton s Influence On The Founding As History970 Words   |  4 PagesDid Alexander Hamilton play as important a role in our founding as history portrays? This short paper on Alexander Hamilton will outline his importance in the journey of the United States of America to become a free coun try and will also show the various ways he made this country successful by pioneering the formation of the American government. Alexander Hamilton was born in Charlestown, the capital of Nevis in the British West Indies. There are disputes regarding his actual birth date. In theRead MoreAlexander Hamilton, The Unknown Hero921 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander Hamilton, The Unknown Hero An ordinary teenager or adult would address Alexander Hamilton as an arbitrary founding father on the ten dollar bill, for they do not acknowledge the great achievements that Hamilton completed throughout his short life. Alexander Hamilton changed America. To start with, Hamilton was an immigrant from the Caribbean. At the age of seventeen, a hurricane destroyed his town. Hamilton wrote his way out of the madness he was facing. He wrote his first essay, a testamentRead MoreAlexander Hamilton : The First Secretary Of The United States950 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander Hamilton was born on the Island of Nevis around the 1500s the exact date is unknown. Hamilton was married to Elizabeth Schuyler in 1780 and had family with her. He was a delegated to the constitution Convention and major author of the Federalist paper, he was the first Secretary of Treasure of the United States from 1789-1795. He was well known as a Political Scientist, Government Official, Journalist, Military Leader, Economist and a lawyer. He was George Washington assistant in 1788,Read MoreThe Accomplishments Of Alexander Hamilton1188 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander Hamilton was one of the youngest founding fathers. He was the chief staff aide to George Washington. In his early life, he was born in the West Indies. Alexander had a lot of family problems between his father and mother and had a rough childhood. He wanted to make a change and start his life in a better direction, so he got his first job at the age of 11 as an accounting clerk. He very quickly impressed his employer by his knowledge of international commerce and how to handle money. AtRead MoreEssay The Burr Conspiracy948 Words   |  4 Pagessurrounding the â€Å"Burr Conspiracy† were among the first tests of the effectiveness of the United States democracy. II. Aaron Burr Aaron Burr was born in Newark New Jersey on February 6, 1756, and Burr was educated at what is now Princeton University. Burr joined the Continental Army in 1775, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. Burr was appointed attorney general of New York in 1789 and served as a United States senator from 1791 to 1797 (Onager CD-ROM). In the Election of 1800, Aaron Burr wasRead MoreAlexander Hamilton, The Bastard Brat Of A Scottish Peddler1395 Words   |  6 Pages Alexander Hamilton, born on January 11th 1755,â€Å"the bastard brat of a scottish peddler† and then orphaned 13 years later. Hamilton seemed like an unlikely candidate to become one of our nation s most influential founding fathers, a successful lawyer, a major general during the revolutionary war, and even the nation’s first Secretary of the Treasury, but against all odds, he was able to do all of that and more in his brief forty-nine year old life. Hamilton’s true legacy, however, is centered around

Battered Woman Syndrome As A Defense - 852 Words

Battered Woman Syndrome As a Defense Battered Woman Syndrome is a medical condition used in legal defense by victims who have killed their abusive spouse. Years of living within the â€Å"Cycle of Violence,† can alter a victim’s state of psychosis, leading them to a constant state of intimate-terror. In recently recognizing this syndrome, the courts will accept a victim’s plea of â€Å"Battered Woman Syndrome† as a valid defence after killing their abusive spouse. According to the Domestic Abuse Shelter, â€Å"In today s society, Batteringâ€Å" is the single major cause of injury to women, exceeding rapes, muggings and auto accidents combined (Domestic Abuse Shelter - A New Beginning). In multiple cases, death threats have been made, causing victims to believe they are on their own without help from our justice system. This leads to victims finally standing up to their abuser and putting an end to the years of suffering. Victims who commit this crime truly believe death is the only way to end this abuse. Spousal Abuse Men Vs. Woman and the Stereotypes Spousal abuse of men is underestimated in today s society. Men are perceived as ‘tough and strong and able to protect themselves. When a male contacts the authorities, they are not taken seriously or ridiculed for not being able to ‘handle’ their intimate partner whereas more emphasis is placed on spousal abuse of women due to the perception of them as vulnerable in society. Men often dominate woman with brutal force. FemaleShow MoreRelatedBattered Woman Syndrome : The Perfect Defense Or Perfect Murder?1652 Words   |  7 PagesBattered Woman Syndrome: The Perfect Defense Or The Perfect Murder The standards of women and their rights have changed vastly over the years. In the 1800’s women were subject to whatever treatment a man felt necessary. Self-defense was not heard of and women did not dare stand up for themselves. In the modern age of today women have the right to be treated just like everyone else is, with respect. Although women have more rights in today’s society and have the right to stand up for themselves thatRead MoreBattered Woman Syndrome: Self-Defense Plea Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagescases where self- defense has been used as a plea where the victim felt they were in harms’ way or unable to escape a specific situation that ended badly. The definition for self- defense is: 1. Defense of oneself when physically attacked 2. Defense of what belongs to oneself, as ones work or reputation 3. (Law) the right to protect oneself against violence or threatened violence with whatever force or means reasonable or necessary. According to an expe rt on battered women, a woman must experienceRead MoreEssay about Criticisms of Battered Woman Syndrome502 Words   |  3 PagesThe Battered Woman Syndrome (BWM) is a syndrome whereas women react in a certain manner because of repetitively physical or psychological abused imposed on them by their mates. The Battered Woman Syndrome (BMW) is not limited in one area or location it is a problem that is occurring all over in the world (2009, pg. 148). Like every other issue in the world criticism come into play by psychologists and others when someone claims that they are victims of the Battered Woman Syndrome or the Battered WomanRead MoreBattered Women’s Syndrome Plea and a Defendants Financial Dependence: Evaluating Legal Decisions1383 Words   |  6 PagesWhen battered woman’s syndrome has been used as a plea of self-defense, especially in cases of homicide, it has highly been scrutinized. According to recent research, characteristics associated with the syndrome form a standard that jurors use to judge battered women. This study would evaluate how characteristics of a defendant would affect a juror’s legal decision-making, in a case of a woman pleading not guilty under terms of self-defense, who were suffering from battered woman’s syndrome. ToRead MoreSuffering with Battered Woman Syndrome 724 Words   |  3 Pagesthat suffer from â€Å"battered womans syndrome† be charged with murder for killing there abuser? â€Å"The term battered woman syndrome was introduced in the late 1970s by psychologist Lenore Walker to explain the psychological problems of women who are caught in a cycle of domestic violence† (ProQuest Staff).The mind of a typical domestically abused women has been diagnosed, monitored, and studied by professionals numerous of times. However, one may believe â€Å"battered women syndrome† should be used asRead MoreGeneral Characteristics of Battered Woman Syndrome1700 Words   |  7 Pages Battered Woman Syndrome An estimated 1.3 million women are victims of physical assault by an intimate partner each year. A surfacing psychological condition known as Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS), develops after experiencing physical and emotional abuse over an extended period of time. BWS has been subcategorized as a form of post-traumatic stress disorder, proving that it is indeed, a very serious and severe condition. Battered Woman Syndrome causes severe, emotional and psychological trauma inRead MoreLavallees Case805 Words   |  4 Pages Criminal Law What principles with respect to women battering and self-defense have been established in Lavallees case? Most of the case law involving female offenders depend on the Supreme Court of Canadas verdict in Lavallee, which accepted proof that an offender had encountered violence elicited by the victim, , Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS), as applicable to the problem of self-defense. In the Lavallee case, proof was disclosed demonstrating that the offender had been exposed to years ofRead MoreBattered Woman Syndrome And The National Institute Of Justice1585 Words   |  7 Pagesher lifetime (Battered Woman Syndrome, 2012). This type of abuse can be fatal and detrimental to one’s personal growth. When woman are repeatedly abused, they show different signs, symptoms and general characteristics. These characteristics are defined as Battered Woman Syndrome. Battered Woman Syndrome, or BTS, was a theory that was developed in the 1970’s (Battered Woman Syndrome, 2010). As stated before, BTS is the signs, symptoms, and general characteristics of battered woman. According to DrRead MoreJustice For The Beaten Down Victims Of Murder925 Words   |  4 PagesJustice For The Beaten Down Victims of Murder â€Å"Every 9 seconds in the United States a woman is assaulted or beaten† (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence). With that statistic there are roughly 9,600 chances every single day in just the United States alone that a woman could be killed at the hands of her abuser. At what point in killing an abusive husband in self-defense cross the line and become murder worthy of punishment? Is it after you finally shoot your alcoholic, abusive husband toRead MoreDomestic Violence and What It Takes to Break Free1301 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelop Battered Woman Syndrome, a mental illness that should not condemn them to a life in prison; but instead, should alert us to help them become part of our society once again through treatment. They should not be labeled cold blooded murderers for wanting the freedom that is promised by the government in the thirteenth amendment. Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) was first proposed in the 1970’s based upon Dr. Lenore E. A. Walker’s findings. Dr. Walker who is recognized as the â€Å"mother of Battered Woman

Growing Trends of Electronic Communication free essay sample

| 3. wr print version| | docs| | embed| | Create your own! ENHANCING MUET PERFORMANCE Writing 800/4 Presented by: Mdm. Audrey Koh Sui Ean B. Education (TESL) (Honours) UK Writing carries 30% * 2nd most important component * Divided into 2 sections * Section 1: Report Writing (40 mins x 40 marks) * Section 2: Academic Essay (50 mins x 60 marks) Let’s start with Question 1 Report writing tests understanding of non-linear stimuli (graphs) and synthesizing it into linear form (composition). What’s the Formula for Q1? 1. TITLE (usually found in the question) 2. INTRODUCTION Paragraph 1: Introduction (What do the stimuli show? ) Overview (What is the general trend? ) 1. BODY Paragraph 2-3/4: Key Features (What are the outstanding info from the graphs? 1. CONCLUSION Last Paragraph: Summary (Mention the main trend again) WR Q1 FORMULA: TITLE I + OV KFs S Useful Vocabulary to describe the FOUR (4) MAIN TRENDS 1) 2) 3) 4) * rise * gain * increase * improve * escalate * incline * high/higher/ highest * more than * most * fall/drop * loss * decrease * depreciate * deteriorate * decline * low/lower/ lowest * less than * least stable/ stabilise * constant * consistent * erratic * fluctuating * unstable * inconsistent USEFUL ADJECTIVES * slight/steady/gradual * sharp/steep/drastic * doubled/tripled/quadrupled * record high/record low Let’s Analyse a Sample Question Question 1 [40 marks] You are advised to spend about 40 mins on this task. You are a junior reporter writing for a travel magazine. You have been asked to write a short article on tourism in Malaysia. Your article should integrate all the information given below. You should write between 150 to 200 words. Tourism in Malaysia I) The stimuli show a bar graph comparing tourist arrivals in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, a table of the top five tourist markets of income earned from tourism in Malaysia and a newspaper headline on the drop of tourist arrivals. (OV) The general trend is a decrease of tourist arrivals and tourism income in Malaysia. (KF1) According to the bar graph, Malaysia recorded the highest tourist arrivals in 1999 with more than 7 million persons but it then dropped to 6 million in 2001. (KF2) It stabilised in 2003 and 2005 with an increase to 7 million tourists. KF3) However, there was a drastic drop in 2007 to just over 5 million visitors. (KF4) This caused a sharp loss of income earned especially from the top three tourist markets in Ma laysia. (KF5) Statistics show a steep decrease of tourist spending of more than 20% mostly from Taiwan (-24. 2%), Singapore (-22. 1%) and Japan (-22. 0%). (KF6) Based on the newspaper headline, the fall in tourist arrivals is due to unknown viral diseases and the fear of natural disasters in Malaysia. (S) In conclusion, the tourism trend in Malaysia is on the decline and it is affecting our tourism income. Complete Sample Answer Tourism in Malaysia The stimuli show a bar graph comparing tourist arrivals in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, a table of the top five tourist markets of income earned from tourism in Malaysia and a newspaper headline on the drop of tourist arrivals. The general trend is a decrease of tourist arrivals and tourism income in Malaysia. According to the bar graph, Malaysia recorded the highest tourist arrivals in 1999 with more than 7 million persons but it then dropped to 6 million in 2001. It stabilised in 2003 and 2005 with an increase to 7 million tourists. However, there was a drastic drop in 2007 to just over 5 million visitors. This caused a sharp loss of income earned especially from the top three tourist markets in Malaysia. Statistics show a steep decrease of tourist spending of more than 20% mostly from Taiwan (-24. 2%), Singapore (-22. 1%) and Japan (-22. 0%). Based on the headline, the fall in tourist arrivals is due to unknown viral diseases and fear of natural disasters in Malaysia. In conclusion, the tourism trend in Malaysia is on the decline and it is affecting our tourism income. Summary Writing Marking Scheme: Band 6 Band 5 Band 4 Band 3 Band 2 Band 1 Task Fulfilment 20 – 18 17 – 15 14 – 11 10 – 7 6 – 4 3 – 0 Language Organisation 20 – 18 17 – 15 14 – 11 10 – 7 6 – 4 3 – 0 TOTAL 40 – 34 33 – 27 26 – 21 20 – 14 13 – 7 6 – 0 Question 2: Academic Essay Students may be presented with: 1. a point of view, 2. an argument or 3. a problem as the core of the question. Question 2: Academic Essay What do we look for in an essay: * * Quality of Arguments * – logical, mature ideas * Ideas and Evidence * – support your points * (elaboration examples) * Communicative Quality Vocabulary and Sentence Structure Academic Essay Tip No. 1: STEP 1: BRAINSTORM It is very important to make a list of ideas/main points. You may use various techniques to develop argument/content: 1. List 2. Mind map 3. Table, etc. Academic Essay Tip No. 2: STEP 2: ORGANISE You MUST write in an academic style, 5 paragraphs. 1. Introduction 2. Body (min x3) 3. Conclusion RECOMMENDED ESSAY STRUCTURE FOR MID TO HIGH PROFICIENCY STUDENTS: MODEL 1 RECOMMENDED for BANDS 3 6 1. INTRODUCTION ( x 1 paragraph) Introductory Statements Thesis Statement 2. BODY: 3 – 5 points ( x 3-5 paragraphs) Topic Sentence 1. Support 2. Support 3. Support (Concluding sentence) 3. CONCLUSION ( x 1 paragraph ) Closing statement Restate thesis Final comment Basic guideline: 70 words per paragraph, i. e. at least 350 words. MODEL 1 ADVANTAGES * Promotes critical thinking skills * Room for creativity * Shows off linguistic proficiency DISADVANTAGES * Unfocussed * Danger of going out of topic * Difficult for low proficiency students to excel RECOMMENDED ESSAY STRUCTURE FOR LOW TO MID PROFICIENCY STUDENTS: MODEL 2 RECOMMENDED for BANDS 1 3 INTRODUCTION ( x 1 paragraph, 70 words) 1. Current situation (Nowadays,†¦ In today’s era of †¦) 2. Stand (In my opinion, I think/agree/disagree that†¦) 3. Outline (In this essay, I will discuss 3 reasons/strategies/suggestions which are ____________, ___________ __________. ) 1ST POINT ( x 1 paragraph, 70 words) 1. Main Idea (Firstly,†¦ First and foremost,†¦) 2. Reasons (This is because†¦Moreover,†¦) 3. Examples (For example,†¦ and so on. ) 4. Mini conclusion (Therefore,†¦) 2ND POINT ( x 1 paragraph, 70 words) 1. Main Idea (Secondly,†¦The second reason is†¦) 2. Reasons This is due to†¦In addition,†¦) 3. Examples (For instance,†¦ and many more. ) 4. Mini conclusion (Thus,†¦) 3RD POINT ( x 1 paragraph, 70 words) 1. Main Idea (Finally,†¦Last but not least†¦) 2. Reasons (This means that†¦ Furthermore,†¦) 3. Examples (Take for example,†¦ and others. ) 4. Mini conclusion (Hence,†¦) CONCLUSION ( x 1 paragraph, 70 words) 1. Repeat Points (In conclusion/In a nutshell, the 3 reasons/strategies/suggestions I have mentioned above are†¦) 2. Repeat Stand (In my opinion, I still strongly believe that†¦) 3. Recommendation (Our government should†¦/We should†¦) MODEL 2 ADVANTAGES * Helps students achieve basic proficiency by providing structures * Boosts confidence and motivation to write * Aids in developing and organising ideas DISADVANTAGES * Stifles creativity * Repetitive style of writing * Monotonous for examiner to mark * May bore high flyers Let’s look at a sample question: Question 2: Since achieving independence in 1957, Malaysia has been known for its peaceful and multi-racial society. What can be done to further enhance national unity and solidarity among the various races? Elaborate and give relevant examples in more than 350 words. st Paragraph Introduction: Nowadays, Malaysia is a leading tourist destination because we are famous for our multi-racial society who live in peace and harmony. In my opinion, I strongly agree that national unity can be enhanced to strengthen solidarity among all the various races in this country. In this essay, I will discuss three solid strategies for enhancing national unity which are every indiv idual needs to be more patriotic, be respectful of each different culture and mould a future generation that is tolerant and grateful to be Malaysian. 2nd Paragraph Point 1: First and foremost, every individual can play a part in enhancing national unit by being more patriotic. This is because when we are patriotic we will appreciate being a Malaysian citizen who has the right to live a peaceful and war-free life. Moreover, having high patriotism will ensure that we really love our country and we will not do anything to harm the peace and harmony. For example, every one of us can respect the ‘Negaraku’ song and our ‘Rukunegara’, fly our national flag during Independence day and so on. Therefore, if everyone plays their part and becomes more patriotic, this will easily enhance the spirit of national unity. rd Paragraph Point 2: Secondly, as loyal Malaysians, we should always be respectful of each and every culture found in this country. This is due to the fact that respecting the main races like Malays, Chinese and Indians as well as the indigenous races will ensure that we will continue to live side by side in harmony. In addit ion, every race that makes up the Malaysian society is unique and should be cherished for its special traditions and cultures. For instance, we should visit one another during ‘Open House’ or wedding celebrations, religious festivals and many more. Thus, by respecting the uniqueness of every culture, this helps us promote racial solidarity and enhance national unity . 4th Paragraph Point 3: Last but not least, truancy can be curbed by encouraging cooperation with local police authorities and the general public. This means that we can get assistance from the police as they are the higher authority and they can even set up a ‘Police Hut’ within the school grounds. Furthermore, the public can report students wearing uniform who escape by calling or sending sms messages to the school authorities or even the police. Take for example, to solve this problem we can organise regular spot checks by police, give the school emergency number to the shop owners, neighbourhood residents and others. Hence, everyone can cooperate to reduce cases of truancy. 5th Paragraph Conclusion: In a nutshell, the three strategies I have suggested are to be more patriotic and respectful of each unique culture as well as teach our children to be more grateful Malaysian citizens. In my opinion, I still strongly believe that national unity can be enhanced if we all play an active role. I hope that our government can highlight this issue in the media by organising more patriotism campaigns so that we can produce a united society that can contribute productively to the achievement of Vision 2020. A final note on Question 2†¦ * Remember to address the following: 1. QUESTION @ ISSUE, 2. ORGANISATION @ FORMAT, 3. REGISTER @ VOCABULARY 4. GRAMMAR Writing Marking Scheme (Question 2) Band 6 Band 5 Band 4 Band 3 Band 2 Band 1 Task Fulfilment 30 – 26 25 – 21 20 – 16 15 – 11 10 – 6 5 0 Language Organisation 30 – 26 25 – 21 20 – 16 15 – 11 10 – 6 5 0 TOTAL 60 – 51 0 – 41 40 – 31 30 – 21 20 – 11 10 – 0 If you can follow this writing style.. you will definitely move up in your current band.. Good luck!!! | | | Slide 6 / 35| | | | | | docs| | Menu| | | Remember those walls I built Well, baby theyre tumbling down And they didnt even put up a fight They didnt eve n make up a sound I found a way to let you in But I never really had a doubt Standing in the light of your halo I got my angel now Its like Ive been awakened Every rule I had you breakin Its the risk that Im takin I aint never gonna shut you out Everywhere Im looking now Im surrounded by your embrace Baby I can see your halo You know youre my saving grace Youre everything I need and more Its written all over your face Baby I can feel your halo Pray it wont fade away I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo Hit me like a ray of sun Burning through my darkest night Youre the only one that I want Think Im addicted to your light I swore Id never fall again But this dont even feel like falling Gravity cant forget To pull me back to the ground again Feels like Ive been awakened Every rule I had you breakin [ From: http://www. elyrics. net/read/b/beyonce-lyrics/halo-lyrics. html ] The risk that Im takin Im never gonna shut you out Everywhere Im looking now Im surrounded by your embrace Baby I can see your halo You know youre my saving grace Youre everything I need and more Its written all over your face Baby I can feel your halo Pray it wont fade away I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo Halo, halo Everywhere Im looking now Im surrounded by your embrace Baby I can see your halo You know youre my saving grace Youre everything I need and more Its written all over your face Baby I can feel your halo Pray it wont fade away I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo I can feel your halo halo halo I can see your halo halo halo